DECIMS Logo mit Schrift

Open menu

Einzelnachweise

  1. ↑ 1,0 1,1 Kaiser H, Klay H: Cortisontherapie. Thieme: Stuttgart, New York , 11. Auflage 2002
  2. ↑ 2,0 2,1 2,2 Filippini G, Brusaferri F, Sibley W, et al: Corticosteroids or ACTH for acute exacerbations in multiple sclerosis (Cochrane review). The Cochrane Library, Issue2, 2002. Oxford: Update Software.
  3. ↑ 3,0 3,1 3,2 3,3 3,4 Beck R, Cleary P, Anderson M, et al: A randomized, controlled trial of corticosteroids in the treatment of acute optic neuritis. New England Journal of Medicine 1992; 326: 581- 588.
  4. ↑ 4,0 4,1 Alam S, Kyriakides T, Lawden M, et al: Methylprednisolon in multiple sclerosis: a comparison of oral with intravenous therapy at equivalant high dose. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 1993; 56: 1219-1220.
  5. ↑ 5,0 5,1 5,2 5,3 5,4 5,5 5,6 5,7 Sellebjerg F, Frederiksen J, Nielsen P, et al: Doubleblind, randomized, placebo- controlled study of oral, highdose methylprednisolone in attacks of MS. Neurology 1998; 51: 529-534.
  6. ↑ Kaufman D, Trobe J, Eggenberger E, et al: Pratice parameter: The role of corticosteroids in the management of acute onosymptomatic optic neuritis. Report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology 1998; 54: 2039-2044.
  7. ↑ Kurtzke J: Rating neurologic impairment in multiple sclerosis: an expanded disability status scale (EDSS). Neurology 1983; 33: 1444-1452.
  8. ↑ 8,0 8,1 8,2 Milligan N, Newcombe R, Compston D: A doubleblind controlled trial of high dose methylprednisolone in patients with multiple sclerosis. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 1987; 50: 511–516.
  9. ↑ Brusaferri F, Candelise L: Steroids for multiple sclerosis and optic neuritis: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled clinical trials. Journal of Neurology 2000; 247: 435-442.
  10. ↑ 10,0 10,1 Weinshenker B, O’Brien P, Petterson T: A randomized trial of plasma exchange in acute central nervous system inflammatory demyelinating disease. Annals of Neurology 1999; 46: 878-886.
  11. ↑ Gomella L et al: Clinician‘s Pocket Reference. Appleton & Lange, 6. Auflage 1989.
  12. ↑ 12,0 12,1 12,2 Tremlett H, Luscombe D, Wiles C: Use of corticosteroids in multiple sclerosis by consultant neurologists in the United Kingdom. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 1998; 65: 362-365.
  13. ↑ Barnes D, Hughes R, Morris R, et al: Randomised trial of oral and intravenous methylprednisolone in acute relapses of multiple sclerosis. Lancet 1997; 349: 902- 906.
  14. ↑ Tourtellotte W, Haerer A, Arbor A: Use of an oral corticosteroid in the treatment of multiple sclerosis. Archives of Neurology 1965; 12: 536- 545.
  15. ↑ 15,0 15,1 Grauer O, Offenhäuser M, Schmidt J, et al: Glukokortikosteroid-Therapie bei Optikusneuritis und Multipler Sklerose. Nervenarzt 2001; 72: 577-589.
  16. ↑ 16,0 16,1 Oliveri A, Valentino P, Russo C, et al: Randomized trial of comparing two different high doses of methylprednisolone in MS. Neurology 1998; 50: 1833-1836.
  17. ↑ Leussink V , Jung S, Merschdorf U, et al: High-dose Methylprednisolone therapy in multiple sclerosis induces Apoptosis in peripheral blood leokocytes. Archives of Neurology 2001; 58: 91-97.
  18. ↑ 18,0 18,1 Schmidt J, Gold R, Schönrock L, et al: T-cell apoptosis in situ in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis following methylprednisolone pulse therapy. Brain 2000; 123:1431-1441.
  19. ↑ 19,0 19,1 Miller D, Thompson A, Morrissey S, et al: High dose steroids in acute relapses of multiple sclerosis: MRI evidence for a possible mechanism of therapeutic effect. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 1992; 55: 450-453.
  20. ↑ Behl C et al. Glucocorticoids enhance oxidative stressinduced cell death in hippocampal neurons in vitro. Endocrinology 1997; 138: 101–106.
  21. ↑ 21,0 21,1 Lupien S, Fiocco A, Wan N, et al: Stress hormones and human memory function across the lifespan. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2005; 30: 225-242.
  22. ↑ Miller H et al. Treatment of acute exacerbations with corticotrophin (ACTH). Lancet 1961; 2: 1120-1122.
  23. ↑ 23,0 23,1 Durelli L, Cocito D, Riccio A, et al: High-dose iv methylprednisolone in the treatment of multiple sclerosis. Neurology 1986; 36: 238–243.
  24. ↑ 24,0 24,1 Rose A, Kuzma J, Kurtzke J, et al: Co-operative study in the evaluation of therapy in multiple sclerosis: ACTH vs placebo. Neurology 1970; 20: 1–59.
  25. ↑ Anderson P, Goodkin E: Glucocorticosteroid therapy for multiple sclerosis: A critical review. Journal of the Neurological Sciences 1998; 160: 16-25.
  26. ↑ 26,0 26,1 26,2 26,3 Goodin D: Perils and pitfalls in the interpretation of clinical trials: a reflection on the recent experience in multiple sclerosis. Neuroepidemiology 1999; 18: 53-63.
  27. ↑ 27,0 27,1 27,2 Sellebjerg F, Nielsen H, Frederiksen J, , et al: A randomized, controlled trial of oral highdose methylprednisolone in acute optic neuritis. Neurology 1999; 52: 1479- 1484.
  28. ↑ 28,0 28,1 28,2 Lyons P, Newman P, Saunders M: Methylprednisolone therapy in multiple sclerosis: a profile of adverse effects. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry 1988; 51: 285-287.
  29. ↑ 29,0 29,1 Voltz R, Hohlfeld R: Aktuelle Therapie der multiplen Sklerose – Hochdosierte intravenöse Therapie mit Kortikosteroiden. Nervenarzt 1992; 63: 773-775.
  30. ↑ Keegan BM, Noseworthy JH: Multiple Sclerosis. Annual Reviews of Medicine 2002; 53:285–302.
  31. ↑ Ruprecht K, Klinker E, Dintelmann T, et al: Plasma exchange for severe optic neuritis: Treatment of 10 patients. Neurology 2004 ; 63: 1081–1083.
  32. ↑ Soelberg Sorensen P, Haas J, Sellebjerg F, et al: IV immunglobulins as add-on treatment to methylprednisolone for acute relapses in MS. Neurology 2004; 63: 2028-2033.
  33. ↑ Ernst E (ed.): The Desktop Guide to Complemantary and alternative Medicine. Edinburgh 2001.
  34. ↑ Zivadinov R, Rudick R, De Masi R, et al: Effects of IV methylprednisolone on brain atrophy in relapsing- remitting MS. Neurology 2001; 57:1239-1247.
  35. ↑ Calabresi P: Considerations in the treatment of relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis. Neurology 2002; 58: 10 - 22.
  36. ↑ Cazzato G, Mesiano T, Antonello R, et al: Double-blind, placebocontrolled, randomized, crossover trial of high- dose methylprednisolone in patients with chronic progressive form of multiple sclerosis. European Neurology 1995; 35: 193-198.
  37. ↑ Beck R, Cleary P, Trobe J, et al: The effect of corticosteroids or acute optic neuritis on the subsequent development of multiple sclerosis. New England Journal of Medicine 1993; 329: 1764-1769.